When designing applications for mobile
one of the most important considerations is to realize that you are most
probably designing an application that is meant to be displayed on many different types of screens. These
screens can vary in sizes, pixel densities, and even the proportions of the
device. In order to get the best results on all of these screens we will need
to implement higher resolution images for higher resolution screens and we will
also need to take into account screens of different proportions and change the
layout of our application accordingly when needed.
One
of the major affects of the rise of the tablet market is the necessity
designing UI for multiple screens. On a phone where only one UI component may
fit, we might be able to fit two or more of the UI components on a tablet.
Instead of keeping the UI consistent between phones and tablets, we can enhance
our applications by having the UI change when presented on a tablet and take
advantage of the additional space. The Android development system has several
tools that can allow us to utilize these type of enhancements.
Using adaptive design techniques we can have the UI for
our application adapt itself to the screen size it is displayed on so that it
will adjust to take advantage of more screen real-estate. With the progression
of the Android operating system to incorporate tablet devices, the fragment
component was created to “represent a behavior or a portion of a user
interface” within a screen. This way when a tablet application might consist of
several portions of a user interface these portions can be re-used separately
or in conjunction in the phone version of the application which can only
display a portion of the UI components at once on the screen. These constructs
also allow for separate UI flows for tablets and phones. Where one UI component
on a phone may navigate us to a new screen on the phone version of the
application, the tablet version may simply change a currently present UI
component instead of navigating to a completely new screen due to its
additional screen real-estate.
Even
within the same device we may have to take into consideration multiple screens
due to changes in the orientation of the device. One option is to keep the
orientation of the application static and constant regardless of the device’s
orientation. If we want to allow our user the freedom to change the orientation
of the device and have it affect the orientation of the application then we
need to consider how the application should be displayed on different
orientations like portrait and landscape. Android gives us the ability to
completely change the layout and design of the screens of an application based
on the orientation of the device.
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